In the field of sound and electroacoustic music, the Groupe de recherche musicale (GRM) was founded by Pierre Schaeffer in 1958. There, researchers developed an axiomatic system based on a formal model of sound. Today, the GRM is part of the Institut national de l’audiovisuel. In 1966, Iannis Xenakis founded the Équipe de mathématique et automatique musicale (Emamu) to serve contemporary music. It later became the Centre d’études de mathématique et automatique musicale (Cemamu, where the Upic composition tool was created in 1977), and then the Centre de création musicale Iannis-Xenakis (CCMIX) in 2000. Computer-assisted composition is one of CCMIX’s specialties. The Institut de recherche et de coordination acoustique–musique (Ircam) was established in 1970 thanks to Pierre Boulez’s tenacity. Highly active and at the cutting edge of technology, it provides an exceptional setting where scientists, musicians, artists, researchers, engineers, technicians and composers can come together…