First steps ------------
The distance from a point M to a curve (C) is the smallest of the distances from M to a point m as it moves along (C). To say that M is equidistant from two curves (C1) and (C2) therefore means that Mm1 = Mm2, where m1 and m2 respectively attain the minimum distance from M to a point m on (C1) or (C2).
The distance from a point M to a circle (C) with center F and radius r is thus represented by the length MP, where P is the point on (C) "closest" to M. The points P, M, and F are collinear.
Point and circle ---------------
When A lies on (C), the locus of points equidistant from A and the circle (C), with center F, is the ray FA). Otherwise, two cases arise.