Although growth is slowing (in other words, the derivative of the curve), falling from 2% a year in 1970 to just over 1% today, the outcome is troubling: will we have the resources needed to feed the population and meet its material and energy needs? The issue is all the more worrying because this growth will be concentrated in Africa, whose share of the world population will rise from 17% to 40%. By 2030, India will have overtaken China, with Nigeria moving into third place. Yet by the end of the century, Nigeria could be the world's most populous country! Asia, which accounted for 60% of the world population in 2017 (4.5 billion), is expected to see its share fall to 43% of the projected eleven billion inhabitants by 2100. Europe's population, meanwhile, is set to decline because of its low fertility rate: 1.6 births per woman. Below the threshold of 2.1, births are too few to offset deaths. In France, the immigrant population and its birth rate are expected to maintain population numbers.