Editorial
"Tangente", from the Latin tangere, "to touch". If it's the name of your favorite magazine, it is because the word is rich in meanings that have opened up entire branches of mathematics.

"Tangente", from the Latin tangere, "to touch". If it's the name of your favorite magazine, it is because the word is rich in meanings that have opened up entire branches of mathematics.

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Euclid's Elements, the standard reference for centuries, established straightedge-and-compass proof as the norm in geometry. But many problems involving circles tangent to one another become simpler when using conics or transformations, such as the indispensable inversion.

A sangaku was originally a Japanese wooden votive tablet. It sometimes bears an engraved geometric figure with the statement of a problem, together with the solution or sometimes a hint.

Euclid's fifth postulate differs from the others: it seems provable. Yet its negation leads to other geometries, known as non-Euclidean geometries. They have their place within mathematics and have applications both in arithmetic, as Poincaré showed, and in general relativity.

Pioneered by Menelaus of Alexandria in the first century CE, spherical geometry can be a little disconcerting. It is two-dimensional: for example, longitude and latitude are enough to locate any point on the sphere's surface.
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